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Morse code was genius. Morse code was the most reliable way to communicate across vast distances. Its principle is remarkably simple. Each letter consists of short and long signals, dots and dashes. With practice, experienced operators stopped decoding individual letters and recognized entire words by sound, as if it were another language. Skilled telegraph operators could transmit up to 30 to 40 words per minute. What made Morse code so effective? It could be transmitted through almost anything: sound, light, or even eye blinking. When created voice transmission over long distances was impossible, making Morse code indispensable. Second, the code was brilliantly designed based on letter frequency. The most common letters got the shortest codes. E is a single dot. T is a single dash. This efficiency made transmission faster. This principle explains why SOS became the international distress signal: three dots, three dashes, a pattern that is distinctive and quick to transmit.