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How long are you actually willing to stare at a loading spinner before you get annoyed? Let's break down the psychology of spinners. This is Part 4 of my series Building for Good UX. If you show nothing, a blank screen, no spinner, users will leave in 2-3 seconds. But here's the thing, you should never show a spinner if something will take less than a second to load. One second is not enough time for the full animation. Because then it just flashes on the screen and the user's brain registers like, something weird just happened. You actually make it feel slower. So if it's under one second, just show the results. Okay, so what if your action takes longer than a second? A plain spinner with no text works for about 2-5 seconds. In past five seconds, a spinner with no text starts to feel broken. The user has no idea what's happening and the patience starts to drop very quickly. So you add some static text, loading or saving, that buys you maybe one more second. Now instead of static text, you show text that changes. Connecting to your account... working on it... almost there... This is where people are willing to wait significantly longer. Because they feel that there's action happening, even if it's fake. But all of this works up to about 10 seconds. After 10 seconds, looped animations. Just stop working. They actually start hurting. The user's patience flips, and all of a sudden they're feeling more frustrated with the spinner instead of less. Past 10 seconds, you need a different approach. Something else. A progress bar, a step-by-step indicator. And if something fails, just show the error immediately, as soon as you can. Try not to make them wait 20 seconds with a loading spinner and then be like, sorry that didn't work. Speaking about errors, in the next video, we're going to talk about those. So see you there.